foundation::types::type details about shallow foundation

   Type of foundation

1. Shallow Foundation
2. Deep Foundation or pile foundation

1. Shallow Foundation

According to terzaghi's Foundation is shallow if it is " is equal to or less then it's width"

2. Deep Foundation

  deep Foundation is also called as pile Foundation

  pile foundations are provided at clay soil area

Explain about the type of shallow Foundation

•  spread footing
• combined footing

•  strip footing

• strap footing

• mat or raft footing

updated

 spread footing

The spread footing is provided to support on individual columns
The spread footing is circular, rectangular slap to a uniform thickness
Sometimes it is stored spread the load over a large area.

Strip footing 

The strip footing is provided for load bearing Wall The strip footing is also provided for the row of the column which are so closely spaced that that spread footing overlapped or nearly to each other

•  it is more economical to provide
• Strip footing did provide a number of footing spread in one line
• The strip footing is also known as continuous footing
• 
  

Companies footing

• It support two column
• It is used when the two column are so close to each other that the individual footing overlap 
• the combined footing maybe rectangular or trapezoidal in shape

Strapped footing 

• It is consist of two isolated footing connected with their structural strap
• The strap connect the to footing such that they behave as one unit
• Best strap simply act as a connecting beam and does not gain any soil reaction
• The strap is designed as a rigid beam
• The strap footing is more economical than a combined footing
• When the allowable Soil pressure is relatively high and the distance between the column is large

Mat or raft Foundation

It is a large slab supporting the number of column and wall under the entire structure or a large part of the structure

The mat is required when the allowable soil pressure is low or the column and wall are so close that individual footing would over lap or nearly touch each other

The mat foundations are use full in reducing the "deferential settlement on non homogeneous soil"

**************pile foundation update next*************